Surgical infection in newborns. (1990)

The movement of people on the street.

Maternity hospital building.

Mom feeds a newborn baby.

The baby is lying in a cradle.

Doctors are watching newborn babies in the wards.

Doctors operate on a newborn baby.

Examination by doctors of the child.

Consultation of pediatricians in the hospital.

Laboratory tests to determine the causative agent of infection.

The type of microflora when magnified.

It is possible to name more than 150 types of microbes that cause diseases in humans.

At the same time, each cell of the body accounts for more than a hundred saprophyte bacteria of its own flora.

Laboratory tests.

Clinicians work together with microbiologists.

In the maternity hospital, all the rules of asepsis are strictly observed.

The umbilical cord is cut off in a newborn.

Immediately after birth, a large number of bacteria inhabit the intestines, skin and mucous membranes of the baby.

Umbilical cord treatment.

Early application of the child to the mother's breast is extremely important, since during this contact the child acquires the maternal strains of microorganisms closest to him.

A cartoon showing which and how microorganisms saprophytes colonize the child's body.

A cartoon showing the effect of conditionally pathogenic or pathogenic microflora on the child's body.

Examination by pediatricians of a newborn child.

The disease of the child becomes more likely if there is prematurity, severe labor stress, mother's illness.

These factors have a negative impact on the state of the child's immune response.

Kuveza with a child.

Cartoon explaining the formation of biocenosis.

If the state of reactivity of the body and the degree of antigenic irritation do not match, an infectious process develops.

View of the microflora under magnification.

Phlegmon, purulent inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue, which tends to spread rapidly.

Photo of a sick child.

Mastitis, purulent inflammation of the breast tissue.

Photo of a sick child.

Erysipelas, inflammation of the skin, is often accompanied by severe intoxication up to the development of bacterial shock.

Photo of a sick child.

Gangrene, localization of the disease of the upper and lower extremities.

Photo of a sick child.

Osteomyelitis, affects the metaepiphyseal part of the bone, the growth zone.

The periosteum is quickly involved in the process.

X-rays of the child.

Destructive pneumonia, one of the most severe forms of purulent surgical infection.

A sick child in intensive care.

Gram-negative flora, which produces endotoxin, primarily affects the capillary endothelium and the autonomic nervous system.

The most typical diseases.

Appendicitis, when sowing, klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa or proteus are most often isolated.

Examination of a sick child.

Peritonitis, a process in the abdominal cavity develops as a consequence of perforation in appendicitis and ulcerative necrotic enterocolitis.

Bowel surgery.

X-ray of a sick child.

The presence of free gas in the abdominal cavity is visible.

Acute arthritis develops as a result of hematogenic damage to the synovial membrane of the joint.

X-ray of the affected joint.

Regardless of the type of pathogen, adequate primary reactions of the newborn are accompanied by an increase in the number of leukocytes while maintaining the normal ratio of their forms.

Alternation of frames with forms of leukocytes and percentages of their content.

In the future, with the progression of the process, according to the ratio of various forms of leukocytes, it is possible to determine both the severity of the purulent lesion and the nature of the causative agent that caused it.

Staphylococcus is characterized by lymphocytosis and neutropenia.

For gram-negative - lymphopenia and neutrophilosis.

For streptococcus - lymphopenia, neutrophilosis and motocytopenia.

The formula of the leukocyte intoxication index, which in a normal child should not exceed one.

Resuscitation of newborns.

The occurrence of a local focus of infection is accompanied by an increase in the intoxication index.

A drop in this indicator against the background of the progression of toxicosis indicates the development of sepsis.

Laboratory tests.

A quick method for assessing toxicosis is to determine the level of medium-molecular oligopeptides in blood plasma at 280 and 254 nanometers.

Their ratio is called the distribution index.

Graph of the distribution index value depending on the severity of the disease.

Various forms of local surgical infection in newborns are caused by certain microorganisms.

Sepsis is correctly called a mixed infection, since different microorganisms can be isolated from different foci in the same patient.

Petri dishes with microbial crops.

The task of a clinical microbiologist is to identify the leader of the septic process at this particular moment of the study and so choose a combination of antimicrobial drugs to break the vicious circle of the disease.

The key to successful treatment is the speed of obtaining results.

Computer biological systems allow you to get an answer in just a few hours.

The future of clinical microbiology belongs to express methods.

In severe cases of toxicosis with sepsis, only the most complex methods of treatment can save a child's life.

Which can be carried out only in specialized departments.

However, the creation of such departments has led to a new problem of hospital infection.

As a result of the passage of microbes through the body of patients with altered immunological reactions, a population with pronounced virulent properties is formed.

Taking an analysis from a cuvez for microorganisms.

Analyzes.

Hospital strains are microorganisms with multiple antimicrobial resistance.

The study of the dynamics of the microbiological environment of patients in such departments is of great importance.

The use of massive doses of antibiotics has a negative effect on the formation of biocenosis.

Examination of a sick child by a pediatrician.

Installation of a catheter on the head of a newborn.

Large portions of antibiotics suppress normal microflora, allow the colonization of the digestive tract of patients with hospital strains.

With the failure of protective barriers, primarily the intestinal wall, the pathogen enters the internal environment of the body.

There is a local or generalized infection.

Examination of the abdomen of a newborn baby on ultrasound.

Puncture of a purulent focus.

A sick child is being treated.

Early diagnosis of acute pathogenic osteomyelitis causes particular difficulties.

The use of isotope research makes it possible to see the lesion at the earliest stages.

The result of the study.

It is clearly seen that the bone growth zone is involved in the process, its defeat can lead to the formation of persistent deformities of the child's musculoskeletal system.

Timely diagnosis and rational treatment can prevent these complications.

And their prevention can be the prevention of the development of surgical infection, early detection and proper treatment of primary foci.

Mom feeds a newborn baby.